Impact of Tropical Cyclones over the North Indian Ocean on Weather in China and Related Forecasting Techniques: A Review of Progress

Tropical cyclones (TCs) over the North Indian Ocean (NIO) are closely related to Asian summer monsoon activities and have a great impact on the precipitation in the Tibetan Plateau, southwestern China, and even the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. In this paper, the research progress on the impacting mechanisms of NIO TCs on the weather in China and associated forecasting techniques is synthesized and reviewed, including characteristics of the NIO TC activity, its variability under climate change, related precipitation mechanism, and associated forecasting techniques. On this basis, the limitations and deficiencies in previous research on the physical mechanisms and forecasting techniques of NIO TCs affecting the weather in China are elucidated and the directions for future investigations are discussed.