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Abstract
Hydrological processes exert enormous influences on the land surface water and energy balance, and
have a close relationship with human society. We have developed a new hydrological runoff parameterization
called XXT to improve the performance of a coupled land surface-atmosphere modeling system. The
XXT parameterization, which is based upon the Xinanjiang hydrological model and TOPMODEL, includes
an optimized function of runoff calculation with a new soil moisture storage capacity distribution curve
(SMSCC). We then couple XXT with the Global/Regional Assimilation Prediction System (GRAPES) and
compare it to GRAPES coupled with a simple water balance model (SWB).
For the model evaluation and comparison, we perform 72-h online simulations using GRAPES-XXT and
GRAPES-SWB during two torrential events in August 2007 and July 2008, respectively. The results show
that GRAPES can reproduce the rainfall distribution and intensity fairly well in both cases. Differences in
the representation of feedback processes between surface hydrology and the atmosphere result in differences
in the distributions and amounts of precipitation simulated by GRAPES-XXT and GRAPES-SWB. The
runoff simulations are greatly improved by the use of XXT in place of SWB, particularly with respect to
the distribution and amount of runoff. The average runoff depth is nearly doubled in the rainbelt area, and
unreasonable runoff distributions simulated by GRAPES-SWB are made more realistic by the introduction
of XXT. Differences in surface soil moisture between GRAPES-XXT and GRAPES-SWB show that the
XXT model changes infiltration and increases surface runoff. We also evaluate river flood discharge in the
Yishu River basin. The peak values of flood discharge calculated from the output of GRAPES-XXT agree
more closely with observations than those calculated from the output of GRAPES-SWB.
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Citation
ZHENG Ziyan, ZHANG Wanchang, XU Jingwen, ZHAO Linna, CHEN Jing, YAN Zhongwei. 2012: Numerical Simulation and Evaluation of a New Hydrological Model Coupled with GRAPES. Journal of Meteorological Research, 26(5): 653-663. DOI: 10.1007/s13351-012-0509-1
ZHENG Ziyan, ZHANG Wanchang, XU Jingwen, ZHAO Linna, CHEN Jing, YAN Zhongwei. 2012: Numerical Simulation and Evaluation of a New Hydrological Model Coupled with GRAPES. Journal of Meteorological Research, 26(5): 653-663. DOI: 10.1007/s13351-012-0509-1
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ZHENG Ziyan, ZHANG Wanchang, XU Jingwen, ZHAO Linna, CHEN Jing, YAN Zhongwei. 2012: Numerical Simulation and Evaluation of a New Hydrological Model Coupled with GRAPES. Journal of Meteorological Research, 26(5): 653-663. DOI: 10.1007/s13351-012-0509-1
ZHENG Ziyan, ZHANG Wanchang, XU Jingwen, ZHAO Linna, CHEN Jing, YAN Zhongwei. 2012: Numerical Simulation and Evaluation of a New Hydrological Model Coupled with GRAPES. Journal of Meteorological Research, 26(5): 653-663. DOI: 10.1007/s13351-012-0509-1
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